{"id":1099,"date":"2012-05-30T09:08:56","date_gmt":"2012-05-30T09:08:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.designed79.co.uk\/?p=1099"},"modified":"2012-05-30T09:08:56","modified_gmt":"2012-05-30T09:08:56","slug":"how-to-format-date-for-display-or-to-use-in-a-shell-script","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.designed79.co.uk\/?p=1099","title":{"rendered":"How to format date for display or to use in a shell script"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Q. How do I format date to display on screen on for my scripts as per my requirements?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

A. You need to use standard date command to format date or time for output or to use in a shell script.<\/p>\n

Syntax to specify format
\ndate\u00a0+FORMAT<\/strong><\/p>\n

Task: Display date in mm-dd-yy format<\/h3>\n

Type the command as follows:<\/p>\n

$ date +"%m-%d-%y"<\/div><\/div>\n

Output:<\/p>\n

02-27-07<\/pre>\n
Turn on 4 digit year display:<\/p>\n
$ date +"%m-%d-%Y"<\/div><\/div>\n
Just display date as mm\/dd\/yy format:<\/p>\n
$ date +"%D"<\/div><\/div>\n
Task: Display time only<\/h3>\n
Type the command as follows:<\/p>\n
$ date +"%T"<\/div><\/div>\n
Output:<\/p>\n
19:55:04<\/pre>\n
Display locale\u2019s 12-hour clock time<\/p>\n
$ date +"%r"<\/div><\/div>\n
Output:<\/p>\n
07:56:05 PM<\/pre>\n
Display time in HH:MM format:<\/p>\n
$ date +"%H-%M"<\/div><\/div>\n
How do I save time\/date format to a variable?<\/h3>\n
Simply type command as follows at a shell prompt:<\/p>\n
$ NOW=$(date +"%m-%d-%Y")<\/div><\/div>\n
To display a variable use\u00a0echo \/ printf command<\/a>:<\/p>\n
$ echo $NOW<\/div><\/div>\n
Sample shell script:<\/p>\n
#!\/bin\/bash\r\nNOW=$(date +\"%m-%d-%Y\")\r\nFILE=\"backup.$NOW.tar.gz\"\r\n# rest of script<\/pre>\n
Complete list of FORMAT control characters supported by date command<\/h3>\n
FORMAT controls the output.It can be the combination of any one of the following:<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\n
%%<\/dt>\n
\na literal %<\/dd>\n
%a<\/dt>\n
\nlocale’s abbreviated weekday name (e.g., Sun)<\/dd>\n
%A<\/dt>\n
 <\/p>\n
locale’s full weekday name (e.g., Sunday)<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n
%b<\/dt>\n
\nlocale’s abbreviated month name (e.g., Jan)<\/dd>\n
%B<\/dt>\n
\nlocale’s full month name (e.g., January)<\/dd>\n
%c<\/dt>\n
\nlocale’s date and time (e.g., Thu Mar 3 23:05:25 2005)<\/dd>\n
%C<\/dt>\n
\ncentury; like %Y, except omit last two digits (e.g., 21)<\/dd>\n
%d<\/dt>\n
\nday of month (e.g, 01)<\/dd>\n
%D<\/dt>\n
 <\/p>\n
date; same as %m\/%d\/%y<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n
%e<\/dt>\n
\nday of month, space padded; same as %_d<\/dd>\n
%F<\/dt>\n
\nfull date; same as %Y-%m-%d<\/dd>\n
%g<\/dt>\n
\nlast two digits of year of ISO week number (see %G)<\/dd>\n
%G<\/dt>\n
\nyear of ISO week number (see %V); normally useful only with %V<\/dd>\n
%h<\/dt>\n
\nsame as %b<\/dd>\n
%H<\/dt>\n
 <\/p>\n
hour (00..23)<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n
%I<\/dt>\n
\nhour (01..12)<\/dd>\n
%j<\/dt>\n
\nday of year (001..366)<\/dd>\n
%k<\/dt>\n
\nhour ( 0..23)<\/dd>\n
%l<\/dt>\n
\nhour ( 1..12)<\/dd>\n
%m<\/dt>\n
\nmonth (01..12)<\/dd>\n
%M<\/dt>\n
 <\/p>\n
minute (00..59)<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n
%n<\/dt>\n
\na newline<\/dd>\n
%N<\/dt>\n
\nnanoseconds (000000000..999999999)<\/dd>\n
%p<\/dt>\n
\nlocale’s equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known<\/dd>\n
%P<\/dt>\n
\nlike %p, but lower case<\/dd>\n
%r<\/dt>\n
\nlocale’s 12-hour clock time (e.g., 11:11:04 PM)<\/dd>\n
%R<\/dt>\n
 <\/p>\n
24-hour hour and minute; same as %H:%M<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n
%s<\/dt>\n
\nseconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC<\/dd>\n
%S<\/dt>\n
\nsecond (00..60)<\/dd>\n
%t<\/dt>\n
\na tab<\/dd>\n
%T<\/dt>\n
\ntime; same as %H:%M:%S<\/dd>\n
%u<\/dt>\n
\nday of week (1..7); 1 is Monday<\/dd>\n
%U<\/dt>\n
 <\/p>\n
week number of year, with Sunday as first day of week (00..53)<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n
%V<\/dt>\n
\nISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53)<\/dd>\n
%w<\/dt>\n
\nday of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday<\/dd>\n
%W<\/dt>\n
\nweek number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53)<\/dd>\n
%x<\/dt>\n
\nlocale’s date representation (e.g., 12\/31\/99)<\/dd>\n
%X<\/dt>\n
\nlocale’s time representation (e.g., 23:13:48)<\/dd>\n
%y<\/dt>\n
 <\/p>\n
last two digits of year (00..99)<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n
%Y<\/dt>\n
\nyear<\/dd>\n
%z<\/dt>\n
\n+hhmm numeric timezone (e.g.,\u00a0-0400<\/strong>)<\/dd>\n
%:z<\/dt>\n
\n+hh:mm numeric timezone (e.g.,\u00a0-04<\/strong>:00)<\/dd>\n
%::z<\/dt>\n
\n+hh:mm:ss numeric time zone (e.g.,\u00a0-04<\/strong>:00:00) <\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n<\/dd>\n
%:::z<\/dt>\n
\nnumeric time zone with : to necessary precision (e.g.,\u00a0-04<\/strong>, +05:30)<\/dd>\n
%Z<\/dt>\n
\nalphabetic time zone abbreviation (e.g., EDT)<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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